The National Federation of State High School Associations provides rule books for all high school level sports while USA Cheer covers all levels of cheerleading. USA Cheer is recognized as an expert in cheer safety just like the National Federation. Iowa cheerleaders are required to follow the National Federation rules; the National Federation and USA Cheer have almost identical rules for high school cheerleaders. However, USA Cheer rules for middle/junior high school cheerleaders prohibit all tosses. Since this rule is specific to middle/junior high cheerleading, Iowa cheerleaders at this level must follow the no toss rule.